Chapter 1 图表/图片型作文

真题解读

真题1（2015年12月卷一）

Directions:

for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should focus on the impact of social networking websites on reading. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

指南：在该部分，你应在30分钟内根据所给的图片写一篇文章。文章的内容应以讨论社交网络对阅读的影响为主。文章字数至少150词，但不得超过200词。

范文

As we can see in this picture, two youngsters are talking with each other, and what they talk about is also clearly indicated1. The man on the left said he loved reading books and he plunged himself into2 it for 3 hours a day. Ironically, his favorite book is Facebook, a social networking website. It is obvious that3 social network websites on reading exercise have detrimental4 influence on paper reading. There are three unfavorable impacts as follows.

In the first place, there are wide ranges of news on social networking websites, which are very different from what we desire to see. Not surprisingly, as two hours passed by, no useful information was available. In the next place, due to the openness of the network, a variety of information including the unverified appears on all sorts of websites. It increases the difficulty in distinguishing true things from false ones5. In the end, one addicted to social network websites for a long time gets easily to suffering from the poor eyesight6.

In my opinion, we are supposed to return to paper reading as much as possible. Only in this way can we avoid the disadvantages that social network websites bring to us.

译文

从这幅图画中我们可以看出，两个年轻人正在交谈。他们谈话的内容也十分明了。左边的男士说他喜欢读书，而且他每天要花3个小时用来读书。但讽刺的是，他说他最爱读的书是脸谱网，脸谱网是一个社交网站。显然，社交网站的阅读对纸质阅读产生了极其不利的影响。下文中提到了三种不利影响。

首先，社交网站上有各种各样的新闻，这与我们想要了解到的东西大相径庭。你在这些新闻上花费了两个小时的时间，却一无所获，这点不足为奇。其次，由于互联网的开放性，许多未通过审核的信息都会出现在各种网站上。这就增加了辨别真假信息的难度。最后，一个人长时间沉迷于社交网站的话，很容易对他的视力产生不利的影响。

在我看来，我们应该尽可能地回归纸质阅读。只有这样，我们才能避免社交网站带给我们的不利影响。

万能句型

1．...there are wide ranges of news on social networking websites, which are very different from what we desire to see.

该句在描述各种新闻时，用到了wide ranges of。类似的修饰词还有很多，比如：

all sorts of（各种各样的）

a variety of（各种各样的）

an extensive range of（各式各样的）

2．...one addicted to social network websites for a long time gets easily to suffering from the poor eyesight.

在这句话中，过去分词作定语，真正的谓语动词是get，而addicted to只是起修饰作用。这句话还有其他方式的表达：

One who is addicted to social network websites for a long time gets easily to suffering from the poor eyesight．这就转化成了一个定语从句。

If one is addicted to social network websites for a long time, he will get easily to suffering from the poor eyesight．在这里原句转化成了一个条件状语从句。

3．only in this way can we avoid the disadvantages that social network websites bring to us.

这是关于only的倒装用法，only+方式状语位于句首时，句子为部分倒装。类似的句子还有：

Only in this way can we avoid the weakness.（只有这样，我们才能避免它的缺点。）

但是如果only修饰的是句子的主语成分，则无需倒装。如：

Only Emma can provide help for me.（只有艾玛能够帮助我。）

Only a few pilots passed the examination.（只有少数的飞行员通过了这次考试。）

关于only的倒装用法，要学会灵活运用，可以为文章增色不少。

真题2（2015年12月卷二）

Directions:

for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should focus on the difficulty in acquiring useful information in spite of advanced information technology. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

指南：在该部分，你应在30分钟内根据所给图片写一篇文章。文章的内容应以讨论信息技术并不能解决所有问题为主。文章字数至少150词，但不得超过200词。

范文

As is revealed in this picture, there are a bunch of people around a table. What they concentrate on is the difficulty in acquiring useful information in an era of information explosion. A man stands up, posing his concern that we have lots of information technology and that we just don't have much useful information.

The theme is clearly conveyed1 that we get easily distracted in spite of well-developed information technology. Nowadays, whatever website we click on, we are prone to2 be inundated with a variety of junk information. For instance, as we search for critical study materials, a number of annoying advertisements will emerge3. to some extent4, they're full of cheating. What is worse, some illegal enterprises steal private information or hijack computers, which is extremely unsafe for us.

In my opinion, it is the time that some active measures should be taken. For one thing, as for the government, prompt action is of great urgency. For another, every individual should raise his vigilance5 so that he can improve the discrimination. Only in this way can we enjoy the convenience of the network.

译文

正如在这幅图片里面反映的一样，有许多人围着一张桌子。他们关注的问题是，处于这样一个信息爆炸的时代，却很难获得有用的信息。一个人站起来，表达了他的忧虑：我们的信息技术十分发达，但有用的信息不多。

这幅图片的主旨表达得很清楚：尽管我们拥有十分发达的信息技术，但我们更容易分心。现如今，无论我们点击哪个网站，都很容易被铺天盖地的垃圾信息所包围。比如说，当我们搜寻一些重要的学习材料时，却出来了许多烦人的广告。一定程度上，这些广告还带有欺骗性。更糟糕的是，有一些不法商家窃取个人信息，或者是攻击我们的电脑。这对我们来说是极其不安全的。

在我看来，是时候采取一些积极的措施了。一方面，就政府而言，当务之急是马上行动起来。另一方面，每个人都应该提高警惕，这样我们就能提高辨别真假信息的能力。只有这样我们才能享受到网络带给我们的便利。

万能句型

1．the theme is clearly conveyed that we get easily distracted in spite of welldeveloped information technology.

这里含一个同位语从句。在写作时，适当地运用同位语从句可以为文章增色不少，更易获得高分。比如：

He expresses his concern that he will not pass the examination.（他说出了他的担忧，他通不过这次考试。）

The government issued a statement that the public should obey rules, or they'll get punished.（政府发布声明说，公众应该遵守规则，否则将受到惩罚。）

2．for one thing, as for the government, prompt action is of great urgency. for another...

用来表示列举的关联词，可以让文章衔接得更加自然，更能体现文章的逻辑性和结构性。类似的关联词还有：

Firstly（第一）, Secondly（第二）, Thirdly（第三）；

To begin with（首先）, Then（其次）, In conclusion（最后）；

On one hand（一方面）, On the other hand（另一方面）。

3．...every individual should raise his vigilance so that he can improve the discrimination.

该句用so that引导目的状语从句，表示“以便，为了”。由它引导的从句中常使用情态动词或者助动词。so that可以用其他的表达方式替换，比如：

so as to（以便，以致）后面要跟动词短语，不接句子；in order that...（以便，为了）后面接句子。

真题3（2015年12月卷三）

Directions:

for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should focus on the harm caused by misleading information online. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

指南：在该部分，你应在30分钟内根据所给图片写一篇文章。文章的内容应以讨论网络谣言的危害为主。文章字数至少150词，但不得超过200词。

范文

As we can see in this drawing, a man browsing web pages is complaining to the woman in the doorway with a coffee cup in her hand. He says that he just feels unfortunate to live in a world with so much misleading information. Simple as the picture is, the social problem reflected by it deserves to1 be brought to attention.

Admittedly, the Internet is of great importance in the constantly changing world. Those who desire to catch up with the evolution of society deem that it is critical for one to cultivate the ability of selecting authentic information. There are two major adverse consequences of the misleading information. On one hand, those who lack in2 discrimination are more susceptible to suffer from the harm both in spirit and property. On the other hand, it gives rise to social turbulence3, which will hinder4 the development of society.

Such being the case, it is high time that we pondered over the problem and found a solution to it. Except for individual efforts, it is also imperative5 that some of enterprises improve their moral standard6. Only when we work together can we eliminate its unhealthy influence.

译文

正如我们在图片中看到的那样，一个浏览网页的男人正在和一位手里端着咖啡站在门口的女士抱怨。他认为自己不幸生在这样一个有着这么多误导人的信息的世界。虽然这幅图很简单，但是它所反映的社会现象却值得重视。

毋庸置疑的是，在这飞速发展的世界里，网络是极其重要的。那些想要赶上社会发展的人认为，培养辨别真假信息的能力非常重要。大量误导人的信息造成两个主要危害，一个是那些缺乏辨别力的人很容易受到精神上和财产上的双向损失。另一个是，它会引起社会混乱，阻碍社会的发展。

在这种情况下，是时候我们应该考虑这个问题，并找出解决方案了。除了个人需要付出努力以外，一些企业也应该提升道德标准。只有我们携手努力，才能消除它所带来的不良影响。

万能句型

1．...a man browsing web pages is complaining to the woman in the doorway with a coffee cup in her hand.

不同于汉语，英语多用介词表达某种状态，如in the doorway, with a coffee cup in her hand，译为“站在门口，端着杯子”；在英语中统统成了介词结构，符合英语的表达习惯。

2．...it is critical for one to cultivate the ability of selecting authentic information.

it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。关于it作形式主语的用法经常在写作中用到：

It is very significant that everyone of us should obey rules.（我们每个人都要遵守规则，这是至关重要的。）

3．simple as the picture is, the social problem reflected by it deserves to be brought to the attention.

这是让步状语从句的用法。形容词位于句首，句子倒装。这样可以起到强调的作用。

真题4（2014年12月卷一）

Directions:

for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then discuss what qualities an employer should look for in job applicants. You should give sound arguments to support your views and write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

指南：在该部分，你应在30分钟内根据所给图片写一篇文章。文章内容应以讨论雇主对面试者的素质要求为主。文章字数至少150词，但不得超过200词。

范文

As is shown in the picture, a job hunter has a conversation with the interviewer. Unfortunately, he is not enough prominent1 to obtain the job offer on account of his unsatisfactory degree. Exaggerating as it might be, it actually reflects the widespread phenomenon in modern life.

The crux mirrored by this drawing is that quite a few enterprises lay too much emphasis on educational degree. There are two factors accountable for this problem. For one thing, the prevalence of higher education, talents have come into a saturated2 age. Applicants must acquire the degree or diploma of a higher level. For another, it is imperative that employees require taking grasp of higher degree so that they can fulfill tasks in constantly changing world.

However, I am not in favor of this. Admittedly, higher degree has comparative3 advantage over the ordinary one. It is injudicious4 for enterprises to regard the degree as the competitivity. All sorts of factors including practical experience ought to be taken into consideration. Besides, it is of great necessity for individuals to enhance their competitiveness from different aspects.

译文

正如图片中显示的一样，一个求职者在和面试官交谈。不幸的是，因为他的学历不尽如人意，所以他不够突出，没有得到这份工作。虽然这幅画有些夸张，但是它也确实反映了现代生活中的普遍现象。

这幅图画主要反映了很多企业过于重视学历。有两个主要因素可以解释这个问题。第一个是，随着高等教育的逐渐普及，人才已经进入了一个饱和的时代。求职者必须获得更高的学位。第二个是，员工也必须要拥有高学历，才能在迅速变换的世界里完成自己的任务。

然而我并不赞成这样做。相对于普通学历来说，更高的学历具有更多的优势。但是企业把学历视为竞争力，这是非常不可取的。应该综合考量各种因素，比如说实践经历等等。除此之外，个人也应该从各个方面来提升自己的竞争力。

万能句型

1．there are two factors accountable for this problem.

表述原因的时候，我们可以用固定句型There are two factors..．来引出文章的观点。

2．However, I am not in favor of this action.

除in favor of（支持）外，表示观点类的短语还有：approve of（赞成）, agree with（赞同）等。

3．Unfortunately, he is not prominent enough to obtain the job offer on account of his unsatisfactory degree.

On account of意为“因为，由于”，强调因果关系，后接短语。关于此类表达还有because（后跟句子）, because of（后跟短语）。

真题5（2014年12月卷二）

Directions:

for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then discuss whether technology is indispensable in education. You should give sound arguments to support your views and write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

指南：在该部分，你应在30分钟内根据所给的图片写一篇文章。文章内容应以讨论科技在教育中是不是不可缺少的为主。文章字数至少150词，但不得超过200词。

范文

In this picture, we can learn that a pupil in mathematic class was asked an easy question. Simple as the question might is, he still resorts1 to tech support. As a matter of fact, due to the advanced Internet, more and more people prefer to rely on electronic2 devices instead of thinking independently3.

Admittedly, quite a few things we cannot imagine come into view on account of the development of technology. As the proverb goes, "anything is a double-edged sword." While we enjoy the convenience of technology, we must raise our vigilance on its drawback4. As we all know, if one is addicted to technology, he will be incapable5 of thinking independently. What is worse, it also causes adverse effect on his health.

We need to utilize advantages of technology in a proper way. Meanwhile, we must avoid its disadvantages as much as possible. What is more significant is that no matter how advanced technology is, young people are expected to cultivate the ability of thinking independently.

译文

在这幅图画中，我们可以看到，在数学课堂上，一个小学生被要求回答简单的数学题。虽然这个问题很简单，但是他依旧求助于先进技术的帮助。事实上，随着网络越来越发达，越来越多的人更愿意依赖于电子设备，而不肯独立思考。

必须承认的是，得益于技术的发展，很多我们难以想象的事物进入了我们的视野。正如谚语所说的那样，“任何事物都是一把双刃剑”。当我们在享受科技所带来的便利的时候，我们也必须对它的不利影响提高警惕。我们都知道，如果一个人沉溺于科技，他就很可能失去独立思考的能力。更糟糕的是，还会给他的健康造成不利影响。

我们应该适当运用科技的优势。与此同时，我们要尽可能地避免它的弊端。更为重要的是，无论科技多发达，年轻人都应该培养独立思考的能力。

万能句型

1．as a matter of fact, due to the advanced Internet, more and more people prefer to rely on electronic devices instead of thinking independently.

在这里引出所要描述的社会问题，类似的表达还有：

In fact, because of the advanced Internet...（实际上，因为网络的发达……）

2．admittedly, quite a few things we cannot imagine come into view on account of the development of technology.

这里用到的是欲抑先扬的写作手法。虽然科技存在一定的危害，但是我们必须承认它的好处。这种写作手法可以让文章更有深意。还有以下表达方式：

There is no doubt that...（不可否认的是）

It is undoubted that...（毫无疑问的是）

3．Meanwhile, we must avoid its disadvantages as much as possible.

句中的meanwhile表示“与此同时，同时”，相当于in the meanwhile、meantime、in the meantime。

强化训练

Test 1

Directions:

for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then comment on the environment. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

指南：在该部分，你应在30分钟内根据所给图片写一篇文章。文章的开头，你应简要描述该图片的内容，然后讨论环境问题。文章字数至少150词，但不得超过200词。

写作模板

as is illustrated in this cartoon， 图表所要描述的内容． It also gives rise to a prominent social phenomenon that 图片反映/揭示的现象/问题．

active measures must be taken． 分条阐述解决方法． firstly， 论述观点并补充解释． secondly， 再次论述观点并补充解释． thirdly， 论述最后一个观点并补充解释．

as far as I am concerned， 阐述自己的观点． as long as we take actions in a moderate way, it is not impossible to 提出建议，加以展望． It is incumbent upon us to总结陈词，表明态度或方法．

随手练笔

灵活运用上面的写作模板，写一篇你自己的作文吧！记住，想方设法把高频词汇用在其中哦！

As is illustrated in this cartoon, heavy vehicles are giving off harmful emissions to the environment. It also gives rise to a prominent social phenomenon that with the improvement of living standard, almost every individual can afford a private car. Consequently, automobile exhaust emission, as the prime factor in affecting the quality of the air, has been the high priority.

Active measures must be taken. Firstly, some enterprises ought to make innovations in cars. It is recommended that there should be more cars with little contamination. Secondly, from a personal point of view, it is advisable to choose public transportation other than private cars, which is also called green travel. Thirdly, government must follow strict regulations and stop the serious problem effectively.

As far as I am concerned, the advanced economic development does not mean that the environment must suffer from grave pollution. As long as we take actions in a moderate way, it is not impossible to develop the economy accompanying the clean air and river. It is incumbent upon us to do something for our gorgeous earth.

Test 2

Directions:

for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then comment on the employment. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

指南：在该部分，你应在30分钟内根据所给图片写一篇文章。文章的开头，你应简要描述该图片的内容，然后讨论就业的问题。文章字数至少150词，但不得超过200词。

写作模板

from this picture, we can see 图表描述的内容/图片反映/揭示的现象/问题 has gained much popularity in recent years. that is the reason why 借由因果关系来表明态度或方法．

there are two measures we can take. first of all， 分点阐述解决方法． then继续论述观点并补充解释． In conclusion 得出结论．

from my point of view， 阐述自己的观点． they should 呼应前文所阐述的观点．

随手练笔

灵活运用上面的写作模板，写一篇你自己的作文吧！记住，想方设法把高频词汇用在其中哦！

From this picture, we can see that a man who drags a box of files is fired. The phenomenon of the staff fired has gained popularity in recent years. That is the reason why the unemployment rate is rising year by year.

The urgent matter is about how to effectively alleviate this situation. There are two measures we can take. First of all, college students should cultivate the correct outlook on employment, which is critical in job hunting. As the young generation, graduates dare to take adventures in daily lives. Then, graduates ought to enhance their own technical skills so that they can possess multiple choices when they step into society. In conclusion, businesses need to provide more opportunities for graduates.

From my point of view, improving professional knowledge and skills is essential in job hunting. They should make occupational planning in the light of respective character.

Test 3

Directions:

for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then comment on the family education. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

指南：在该部分，你应在30分钟内根据所给图片写一篇文章。文章的开头，你应简要描述该图片，然后讨论家庭教育的问题。文章字数至少150词，但不得超过200词。

写作模板

as is illustrated in the drawing， 描述图画内容． simple as it might be, it 图片反映 /揭示的现象/问题． It is of significance to表明个人观点．

on one hand， 分条论述观点并补充解释． on the other hand， 继续论述观点并补充解释．

In my opinion， 做出总结，说明自己的观点． I persist in 重申观点，强调正确的观念、态度或做法． only in this way can 进一步说明个人的观点．

随手练笔

灵活运用上面的写作模板，写一篇你自己的作文吧！记住，想方设法把高频词汇用在其中哦！

As is illustrated in the drawing, the little girl was scolded by her father on account of poor schooling performance. We can see that her father makes a serious language attack on her. Simple as it might be, it has a sobering effect on all of us. It is of significance for children to have proper education in every family.

On one hand, it is no doubt that appropriate family education does play a helpful role in building up good personality for kids. Proper family education will enhance kids' confidence, which is not only conducive to their mental health, but also is beneficial to their personalities. On the other hand, inappropriate education can lead to lots of tragedies including the loss of lives and extreme behaviors in threatening public safety.

In my opinion, parents are beyond question the first teachers of children. I persist in giving first place to family education during a child's growth process. Only in this way can children keep healthy both physically and psychologically.

Test 4

Directions:

for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then comment on the online chatting. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

指南：在该部分，你应在30分钟内根据所给图片写一篇文章。文章的开头，你应简要描述该图片的内容，然后讨论网络聊天问题。文章字数至少150词，但不得超过200词。

写作模板

In the picture， 描述图片内容． this picture reveals 图片反映/揭示的现象/问题．

admittedly， 该问题不可回避的优点．there are two factors accounting for 图片反映/ 揭示的现象/问题．on one hand， 分条论述观点并补充解释．on the other hand， 继续论述观点并补充解释．

as far as I am concerned， 阐述自己的观点（所应采取的态度、措施）。

随手练笔

灵活运用上面的写作模板，写一篇你自己的作文吧！记住，想方设法把高频词汇用在其中哦！

In the picture, when the man came to talk to the woman, the woman stared at the computer and waved to the man, refusing to talk to him. We can know that the woman spends much time on online chatting rather than on conversations with the man. This picture reveals disadvantages of online chatting.

Admittedly, the development of science and technology brings much convenience to us. We can keep in touch with our friends at all times and places by means of the Internet. But the problems it arouses cannot be ignored. There are two factors accounting for it. On one hand, one addicted to online chatting get easily to suffering from the poor eyesight. He may also be affected by some news on the Internet. On the other hand, after all, if people are engaged in online chatting, they will lack in effective communication with their families. Just as the picture shows, it will bring about the loss of emotion among families and relatives.

As far as I am concerned, as long as we take correct attitudes toward online chatting,we can enjoy the convenience of the Internet.

Test 5

Directions:

for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then comment on the quantity and the quality. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

指南：在该部分，你应在30分钟内根据所给图片写一篇文章。文章的开头，你应简要描述该图片的内容，然后讨论对数量和质量的理解。文章字数至少150词，但不得超过200词。

写作模板

In this picture， 图画描述的内容． We can learn from this picture that 图片反映/揭示的现象/问题． simple as the picture is, the meaning it conveys is particularly thoughtprovoking.

a proper case is 举例论述并补充解释．

all the above-mentioned things show that 重申观点，强调正确的观念、态度或做法． We should 总结陈词，表明态度或方法．

随手练笔

灵活运用上面的写作模板，写一篇你自己的作文吧！记住，想方设法把高频词汇用在其中哦！

In this picture, a man wrote a few words on the board, that is, "Quality over Quantity". We can learn from this picture that quality is more important than quantity. Simple as the picture is, the meaning it conveys is particularly thought-provoking.

There are quite a few examples for this argument. A proper saying is that "Good things are in quality not in quantity." Some students spend most of a day learning while others only spend a few hours, but the latter have a more outstanding performance than the former. Why? Because the latter pay attention to the learning methods and improve the learning quality.

All the above-mentioned things show that the form of quantity is never equal to the truth of quality; quantity is valuable while quality has a higher value. We should pursue the quality instead of quantity.